Elearning

Elearning refers to education and training programs that are delivered or facilitated using electronic technologies. It includes courses delivered online, through learning management systems, mobile apps, and other digital resources, and it can supplement or replace traditional classroom instruction. Elearning can be delivered asynchronously, allowing learners to study at their own pace, or synchronously, through real-time sessions, and often combines multimedia content, interactive activities, and assessment tools.

Originating in distance education and computer-based training, elearning expanded with the growth of the internet in the late 1990s. The rise of learning management systems such as Moodle, Blackboard, and Canvas facilitated course creation, tracking, and collaboration. The 2010s saw the proliferation of massive open online courses (MOOCs) and corporate training programs, accelerating globalization of access to learning resources.

Core components include content delivery, assessment, collaboration tools, and analytics. Instructional design, accessibility, and user experience are central to effectiveness. Formats include text, video, simulations, and interactive assessments. Standards such as SCORM, xAPI (Tin Can), and LTI enable interoperability among platforms and content creators. Platforms vary from open-source systems to proprietary solutions and may offer mobile compatibility and offline access.

Benefits commonly cited are flexibility, scalability, cost efficiency, and the ability to tailor learning paths with analytics. Challenges include the digital divide, privacy and security concerns, varying levels of instructional quality, learner engagement, and the need for robust infrastructure and support services.

Elearning is now widely used in higher education, professional development, and corporate training. Emerging trends include adaptive learning powered by artificial intelligence, microlearning, social learning features, and enhanced data analytics to inform pedagogy. Accessibility and inclusive design remain central to expanding reach.