commonly

Commonly is an adverb that expresses frequency, meaning usually, often, or generally. It describes something that occurs in most cases within a given context or is widely true in a particular domain.

Etymology and form: the word commonly derives from the adjective common plus the suffix -ly. It ultimately traces to Old French commun and Latin communis, with the sense of shared or general use. As an adverb, it modifies verbs, adjectives, or whole clauses.

Usage and nuance: commonly is typically placed near the verb it modifies, as in "The plant is commonly found in damp soils," or at the start of a sentence for a general statement, as in "Commonly, people follow these steps." It often signals conventional wisdom, habitual practice, or what is generally observed rather than what is true in every case.

Common collocations and related terms: common phrases include commonly used, commonly known, and commonly accepted. It is often contrasted with usually, often, or frequently; while all convey frequency, commonly emphasizes general or widely shared occurrence, whereas usually centers on routine expectations. Antonyms include rarely or seldom.

Examples: This technique is commonly employed in data analysis. The region is commonly referred to as a temperate zone. It is commonly believed that the policy will improve outcomes.

See also: adverb, frequency adverb, usage notes on modifying verbs and clauses. The choice between commonly and more precise terms like usually or often depends on the desired emphasis on generality versus individual occurrence.