frizz

Frizz describes a hair texture characterized by rough, flyaway, or wispy strands that appear puffy and out of alignment, giving a frayed or fuzzy appearance. It can affect any hair type but is most common in curly and wavy hair, where the cuticle tends to lift and separate more easily.

Causes of frizz include moisture and humidity, heat damage, chemical processing, and mechanical stress. When hair absorbs water, the inner fiber swells and the cuticle scales lift, increasing friction and light scattering. Hair with high porosity, damaged cuticles, or prior chemical treatments is more prone to frizz. Other contributing factors include pollution, sun exposure, hard water, and aggressive washing or towel-drying practices.

Mechanically, frizz results from the mismatch between an irregular, rough hair surface and the surrounding air, causing strands to misalign and stand away from the head. Hair science emphasizes the role of the cuticle layer and the hair’s interaction with moisture in humidity.

Prevention and management focus on moisture balance, cuticle smoothness, and minimizing environmental triggers. Use hydrating or silicone-containing conditioners, leave-in treatments, and anti-frizz serums or smoothing products to seal the cuticle. Limit heat styling, choose gentle cleansers, and dry hair with a microfiber towel or T-shirt rather than rough movements. For some, protective styling, reduced chemical processing, and satin pillowcases can help. In humid conditions, products that form a barrier against water uptake or that prioritize moisture retention are commonly recommended.