djellaba

A djellaba, also spelled jellaba, is a traditional North African robe characterized by a long, loose silhouette, full sleeves, and an integrated hood. It is widely worn in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and parts of the Maghreb and Sahara. The garment is worn by both men and women, though regional styles and fittings vary.

Construction and materials commonly include an ankle- to full-length body with a front opening that may be fastened by buttons or a hidden placket. The collar is typically simple or absent, and the hood is a defining feature. Fabrics range from heavy wool for winter to lighter cotton for summer, with colors including natural wool tones, solid darks, or striped patterns. Some versions feature decorative trim, pleats, or embroidery along the front or yoke.

Regional and stylistic variations exist. Moroccan versions often have a tailored, sometimes slightly flared cut and may include decorative stitching or embroidery, while Tunisian and Algerian styles can differ in weight and drape. Women’s djellabas may be more fitted at the waist or sides and can incorporate more elaborate embroidery or embellishments, though many are simply elegant and modest.

Function and cultural role: The djellaba serves as practical outerwear suitable for varying climates, offering protection from sun, dust, and cold. It is worn as everyday attire and can also be selected for formal or ceremonial occasions, reflecting regional dress codes and personal preference. It remains a recognizable element of traditional attire in North Africa and has influenced contemporary fashion.

Etymology: The term derives from Arabic jilbāb (jalbāb), meaning a covering garment or cloak, with local spellings such as djellaba, jellaba, or galabiyya used across the region.