broccato

Broccato is the Italian term for brocade, a class of richly decorative fabrics characterized by intricate, raised patterns formed during weaving. The design is typically created by supplementary weft or warp threads that float over the ground weave, producing a textured motif. Many examples incorporate metallic threads, such as gold or silver, to achieve a luminous appearance. Variants may use silk, cotton, or blends and can range from small repeats to large, dramatic panels.

Historically, broccato fabrics emerged in antiquity and developed through medieval and Renaissance Europe, where they were highly valued for ceremonial garments, royal attire, ecclesiastical vestments, and luxurious upholstery. Italian textile centers and other European workshops contributed to its refinement, with motifs often drawing on floral, geometric, or heraldic imagery. The term remains closely associated with opulent, formal use.

Production methods involve weaving the pattern with additional threads that are either warp- or weft-facing, creating a raised design that stands out from the ground fabric. The technique results in a non-reversible, richly textured surface. Fabrics used for broccato can be made from silk, but metallic brocades may employ metallic yarns alongside silk or other fibers. Finishing processes may include backing, lining, or additional surface treatments to influence drape and durability.

Today, broccato is primarily linked to special-occasion apparel, couture fashion, and decorative applications such as upholstery and drapery. While less common in everyday wear, it remains a symbol of luxury and historical craftsmanship in textile arts.