Looppatroontraining

Looppatroontraining, or gait pattern training, is a form of running retraining used in sports science, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. Its goal is to improve running efficiency, reduce abnormal loading, and lower injury risk by altering aspects of the gait such as cadence, foot strike, stride length, and trunk and hip alignment.

Assessment typically involves gait analysis using video recordings, force measurements, or wearable sensors to identify patterns such as overstriding, excessive braking, or asymmetries. Based on the analysis, a target gait is selected and an individualized retraining plan is developed.

Interventions combine cues, practice, and progression. Common targets include increasing cadence (steps per minute), shifting toward a midfoot or forefoot strike, reducing horizontal braking, and improving hip extension and knee alignment. Retraining is usually performed with treadmill running, metronomes or auditory cues, real-time feedback, and progressive home exercises to reinforce motor learning.

Applications include addressing injuries linked to running mechanics, such as patellofemoral pain, tibial stress injuries, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendinopathy, as well as skills development for performance-focused runners. The approach is often integrated into broader rehabilitation or return-to-running programs.

Evidence and limitations: Research suggests gait retraining can reduce impact loading rates and improve pain for some runners, but results vary and long-term outcomes depend on adherence and individual biomechanics. Transition periods may involve soreness and changes in comfort, and not all injuries or runners respond equally. Clinicians tailor programs and monitor progression to minimize risks during the change process. In Dutch contexts, looppatroontraining is the term used for this approach; in English literature it is commonly referred to as gait retraining or gait pattern training.