sports

Sports are organized forms of competitive physical activity governed by rules and requiring skill, fitness, and strategy. They can be played individually or in teams and may aim to score, time a performance, or complete a course. Sports range from recreational activities to professional livelihoods.

Human engagement with sport dates to ancient civilizations, with evidence of ball games, racing, and martial arts. Modern organized sport emerged in the 19th century with standardized rules, amateurism, and the establishment of governing bodies. The modern Olympic Movement, revived in 1896, helped promote international competition and shared standards.

Sports governance is structured around international bodies (for example, the International Olympic Committee and sport-specific federations) and national associations. These bodies set rules, organize major events, oversee eligibility, and enforce anti-doping policies. Leagues and clubs provide regular competition at domestic levels.

Sports cover ball games (soccer, basketball), racquet sports (tennis, badminton), combat and martial arts (judo, boxing), aquatic sports (swimming, water polo), track and field, winter sports (skiing, ice hockey), and many others. They can be classified by setting (indoor vs outdoor), team status, or individual versus group competition.

Participation contributes to health, education, and social cohesion and can drive local economies through events, facilities, and tourism. Media coverage and sponsorship shape opportunities and accessibility. Challenges include maintaining safety, preventing cheating and corruption, and addressing inclusivity and equity across gender, ability, and geography.