hälsmärta

Hälsmärta is not a standard medical term in Swedish. The spelling may reflect confusion with halsmärta (throat pain) or hälsmärta (heel pain). This article outlines the more established terms and how they are typically evaluated and managed, to provide a concise, neutral overview.

Halsmärta (throat pain) commonly arises from viral infections such as acute pharyngitis or viral tonsillitis, and less often from bacterial infections, laryngitis, postnasal drip, allergies, irritants, or reflux. Symptoms typically include sore throat, pain or difficulty swallowing, fever, and enlarged tender glands; may be accompanied by a red throat or swollen tonsils. Evaluation focuses on history and examination, with red flags such as drooling, severe difficulty swallowing or breathing, neck stiffness, and high fever. If symptoms persist beyond a week or bacterial infection is suspected, testing (for example, rapid strep test or throat culture) may be performed. Treatment usually involves analgesics (paracetamol or ibuprofen), hydration, and throat soothers. Antibiotics are reserved for confirmed or strongly suspected bacterial infection according to guidelines.

Hälsmärta (heel pain) is most commonly due to plantar fasciitis in adults, presenting as a sharp or stabbing pain under the heel, especially with the first steps after waking or after long periods of rest. Other causes include Achilles tendinopathy, heel spur, fat pad irritation, stress fracture, or nerve compression. Evaluation includes a physical exam with focal tenderness, gait assessment, and, if needed, imaging to exclude fracture or other conditions. Management emphasizes conservative care: rest, ice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, stretching exercises for the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon, physical therapy, orthotics or supportive footwear, and weight management. Persistent or worsening symptoms may require injections or, rarely, surgical options. Red flags prompting urgent care include severe trauma, swelling with warmth, inability to bear weight, or signs of infection.