curtsy

A curtsy (also curtsey) is a traditional gesture of greeting, respect, or submission commonly performed by women and girls in Western etiquette. It involves lowering the body by bending the knees while keeping the back relatively straight, typically with one foot placed behind the other to form a small V.

Performance details vary. The standard curtsy begins from a standing posture, with feet together or hip-width apart. One foot is placed behind the other; the knees bend into a shallow squat, and the torso may lean slightly forward. Hands may rest lightly on the skirt or hang at the sides. The depth varies with formality: a demi-curtsy is a shallow bend, while a full curtsy involves a deeper bend and more pronounced lowering. A curtsy is usually performed facing the person being greeted and is often accompanied by eyes turned upward or toward the recipient.

Etymology and history: The term curtsy derives from courtesy, rooted in Old French curtesie, meaning politeness or courtly behavior. The gesture became associated with European court etiquette, especially in Britain, as a customary greeting to royalty or dignitaries. In modern usage, curtsies are largely ceremonial and less common in everyday life; many settings substitute a bow, handshake, or nod.

Modern context: Curtsies appear in formal dances, debutante presentations, royal ceremonies, and other traditional events. Some organizations emphasize respectful bearing rather than a strict technique, and contemporary guidance may encourage courtesy and posture over depth, with gender-neutral expectations in some contexts.