etiquette

Etiquette refers to the customary code of social behavior and protocol that governs interactions within a given society or group. It encompasses rules and expectations for conduct in everyday situations, such as greetings, conversation, dress, dining, gift giving, and online communication. Etiquette is shaped by cultural norms, historical influences, and situational context, and it often aims to show consideration for others, reduce social friction, and convey respect.

The scope of etiquette ranges from informal norms in family life to formal procedures in diplomacy, business, and ceremonial events. In dining, etiquette covers seating, utensil use, and pacing; in communication, it covers turn-taking, listening, tone, privacy, and, in modern times, email and messaging etiquette. Dress codes, punctuality, and forms of address are common elements. Etiquette can be codified in manuals or learned through social practice; it is not a legal requirement, but social sanctions such as disapproval or exclusion can reinforce norms.

Historically, etiquette has evolved from courtly manners and rank-based expectations to broad social norms, though regional and cultural differences remain substantial. In the digital age, netiquette and online etiquette address respectful behavior on the internet, including privacy, harassment, and attribution.

Critics note that etiquette can reflect power dynamics or exclusion, while supporters argue that it facilitates polite, predictable interaction. Overall, etiquette serves as a guide to respectful social interaction within a given community. See also: manners, courtesy, protocol, netiquette.