Sable

Sable refers primarily to a small carnivorous mammal in the weasel family, Martes zibellina, native to the boreal forests of northern Asia, especially Siberia and parts of Russia and Mongolia. It inhabits dense undergrowth near water and ranges across mixed coniferous and deciduous forests. The species is known for its valuable fur and for its role in regional ecosystems as a predator of small mammals.

Physically, the sable is a medium-sized mustelid. Adults typically measure about 40 to 50 centimeters in body length with a tail of 10 to 20 centimeters, and they weigh roughly 0.9 to 2.5 kilograms. The fur is the animal’s most distinctive feature: long, dense, and dark brown to nearly black, with a lighter underfur that can visible in certain lighting. In winter, the coat becomes especially thick and lustrous, making it highly prized in the fur trade.

Sables are generally solitary and territorial, marking their ranges with scent. They are omnivorous to a degree, feeding on small mammals, birds, eggs, insects, and plant matter. Reproduction occurs once a year in many populations; mating often happens in late winter, and litters commonly contain 2 to 5 kits, which are weaned after several weeks and reach independence within a few months.

Conservation and culture: the sable has historically been hunted extensively for its fur, leading to substantial population declines in some regions. Today it is subject to wildlife management, habitat protection, and legal regulation in various countries. The term sable is also used in heraldry and color terminology to denote a dark brown to black shade, drawing its meaning from the animal’s fur.