dark

Darkness is the absence or near-absence of visible light. In physics, it describes regions where light intensity falls below a defined threshold, while human perception of darkness depends on pupil dilation, adaptation, and ambient illumination. Natural darkness occurs at night or in shaded areas; artificial lighting can reduce perceived darkness or create artificial shadows. Astronomical darkness is defined by the Sun’s position below the horizon and by successive stages of twilight, after which stars become visible. Darkness has a long history in culture and symbolism, often associated with mystery, danger, or the unknown, as well as with repose and contrast that enhances color perception.

Dark is a German-language science fiction television series that aired on Netflix from 2017 to 2020. Created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese, the show centers on the small town of Winden, where the disappearance of children uncovers a time travel conspiracy spanning multiple generations. Across four seasons, Dark explores themes of fate, free will, causality, and the intertwining of family histories, using a complex, non-linear narrative and recurring motifs such as cycles and paradoxes. The series was widely acclaimed for its mood, production design, and performances, though its intricate plotting was noted as challenging by some viewers.

Beyond the series, the term 'dark' functions as a common English adjective and noun describing low-light conditions, color, or mood. It also appears in various media titles, brands, and artistic works.