Polymerisolatorer

Polymerisolatorer, or polymer insulators, are electrical insulators used on overhead power lines and in substations. They are typically composed of a fiberglass reinforced polymer core with a weather-resistant polymer housing, usually a silicone rubber compound, and metal end fittings. This configuration provides mechanical strength, electrical insulation, and weather resilience while remaining relatively lightweight compared with traditional porcelain or glass insulators.

Construction and materials: The core is usually fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP). The outer housing is silicone rubber or EPDM. The surface is often hydrophobic, which helps water shed and maintains insulation in polluted or wet conditions. End fittings attach the housing to the supporting hardware, and designs include pendant, pin-type, dead-end, and other configurations for use on strings along lines or at substations.

Advantages: Polymer insulators are lighter than porcelain, which simplifies handling and reduces support stress. They often exhibit good hydrophobicity, aiding self-cleaning and leakage current control in polluted environments. They are resistant to impact and can offer improved performance in coastal or industrial areas where contamination is common. Their modular design can simplify manufacturing and maintenance.

Limitations and considerations: Weathering and UV exposure can affect material properties over time, and surface hydrophobicity may degrade, requiring testing or cleaning. Mechanical and electrical performance depends on quality control, installation, and aging management. Proper maintenance and periodic testing are important to ensure long-term reliability.

Applications and standards: Polymer insulators are widely used in both transmission and distribution networks, selected for new installations and retrofits where weight, maintenance, and polluted-condition performance are factors. They are covered by international standards and guidelines from organizations such as IEC and IEEE, which address tracking, pollution, mechanical strength, and aging performance.