reinforced

Reinforced is an adjective used to describe something strengthened by added support or material. In engineering and construction, reinforcement refers to components embedded or attached to increase strength, stiffness, or durability. The term derives from reinforce, with historical roots in Old French and Latin forms meaning to make strong again.

In construction and materials science, reinforced structures are common. Reinforced concrete couples cement and aggregate with embedded steel bars or meshes to resist tensile forces, improving ductility and crack control. Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP), which use fibers such as carbon, glass, or aramid embedded in a resin matrix, are used to reinforce plastics, composites, and sometimes concrete. In masonry, steel bars or wire mesh are added to reduce cracking and enhance load-bearing capacity. Reinforcement may also involve externally applied elements, such as steel plates or FRP laminates, to strengthen existing structures.

Reinforcement appears across many applications beyond buildings. In transportation and industrial components, reinforced plastics and composites provide high strength-to-weight ratios. Reinforced fabrics and textiles offer increased tear resistance and durability. Doors, frames, and walls may be reinforced for security or blast resistance, while aerospace and automotive parts often rely on fiber-reinforced composites for performance gains.

Design and maintenance of reinforced systems follow standards and guidelines to ensure safety and longevity. Engineers specify materials, detailing, and placement to meet expected loads while protecting against corrosion, fatigue, and environmental exposure. Proper inspection, coatings, and material selection are critical for maintaining the effectiveness of reinforcement over time.

See also:

- Reinforcement (engineering)

- Reinforced concrete

- Fiber-reinforced polymer

- Reinforced masonry

- Reinforcement (general)