Epomophorus

Epomophorus is a genus of megabats in the family Pteropodidae, commonly known as epauletted fruit bats. Members of this genus are medium-sized fruit bats characterized by conspicuous patches of hair at the shoulders in many species, which give rise to the common name "epauletted."

Distribution and habitat: Epomophorus species are native to sub-Saharan Africa, from West to East Africa, inhabiting savannas, woodlands, and forest edges. They roost in trees, often in colonies, and may shelter in caves or dense foliage during the day.

Description and biology: They are nocturnal, roosting in trees and foraging at night. The pelage varies by species; males often display epaulettes—tufts of fur on the shoulders or throat regions that may be more prominent during the breeding season. Like other fruit bats, they rely on vision and smell rather than echolocation for navigation and foraging.

Diet and ecology: Diet is primarily fruit, with nectar and pollen taken by some species. They play a significant ecological role as seed dispersers and pollinators, helping to maintain the structure of tropical and subtropical ecosystems.

Taxonomy and species: The genus Epomophorus belongs to the family Pteropodidae and comprises several African species, including Epomophorus gambianus (Gambian epauletted fruit bat) and Epomophorus wahlbergi (Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat). Species boundaries and counts may vary with new taxonomic assessments.

Conservation: Population trends vary by species, but habitat loss and hunting pressure are common threats. Some Epomophorus species are listed as least concern, while others with restricted ranges may face greater risks. Protection of habitats and respectful management of wildlife areas support their conservation.