falconry

Falconry is the practice of training birds of prey to hunt in cooperation with humans. It typically involves a trained raptor used to pursue game while the handler controls the bird with a combination of equipment and training.

The practice originated in ancient Asia and the Middle East and spread to Europe and other regions. It was widely developed during the medieval period, with regional schools and treatises describing methods for selecting birds, training them, and managing the relationship between falconer and quarry.

Common equipment includes a hood to calm the bird, jesses attached to the legs to restrain it, a leash or creance for line control, and a glove for the handler. Training involves acclimation to the perch or falconry environment, long-line exercises, weighing to monitor health, and the use of a lure to reinforce hunting behavior.

Bird species used include falcons such as the peregrine and saker, hawks such as the goshawk, and occasionally eagles. The birds are trained to respond to signals, to return to the glove, and to pursue game under the falconer’s control. Hunting typically takes place on suitable terrain with the falconer providing the lure and guidance.

Today, falconry is regulated in many countries through licensing and veterinary care requirements. Modern practice emphasizes welfare, ethics, and conservation. Birds may be captive-bred or legally acquired, and some jurisdictions restrict or prohibit the capture of wild birds. Falconry organizations promote training standards and the ethical use of raptors.