Tetrastes

Tetrastes is a genus of birds in the family Phasianidae, commonly known as grouse. The genus currently contains two species, the Eurasian pygmy grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) and the Chinese pygmy grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi). Both species are small, ground-dwelling birds found in the boreal forests of Eurasia. They are characterized by their relatively short legs, broad wings, and cryptic plumage, which provides excellent camouflage against the forest floor.

The Eurasian pygmy grouse is found across a wide range from Scandinavia eastward through Russia and into East Asia. The Chinese pygmy grouse is restricted to mountainous regions of central China. These birds are typically found in mature coniferous or mixed forests with a dense understory of shrubs. They feed primarily on seeds, buds, leaves, and insects. Their breeding behavior involves a monogamous pair bond, with the female constructing a nest on the ground and incubating the eggs. Both parents are believed to participate in raising the young.

Tetrastes species are generally shy and elusive, making them difficult to observe. Their populations can be influenced by habitat availability and quality, as well as hunting pressure in some areas. Conservation efforts often focus on maintaining suitable forest habitats. The classification of Tetrastes within the grouse family has been subject to some debate, but recent genetic studies have supported its placement as a distinct genus.