Eurasia

Eurasia is the combined landmass of the continents of Europe and Asia, and it is the largest contiguous land area on Earth. Geographically, it stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea in the south, and from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.

The boundary between Europe and Asia is a conventional delineation, most often drawn along the Ural Mountains and the Ural River, though various definitions exist. The term Eurasia is used in geography, geology, and geopolitics to emphasize the unity of the landmass and its interconnected history, rather than marking a strict continental division.

Geologically, the Eurasian Plate is a major tectonic plate that underlies much of this landmass and includes large portions of both Europe and Asia. The region features a wide range of climates and landscapes, from Arctic tundra in northern Russia to deserts in Central Asia, tropical zones in Southeast Asia, and temperate regions across Europe.

Eurasia is home to a substantial portion of the world’s population and to many of its largest economies, including China, India, Japan, Russia, and numerous European states. Historically, the region has served as a crossroads for trade, conquest, and cultural exchange, with networks such as the Silk Road linking East and West and facilitating the movement of goods, ideas, and peoples.

Subregions commonly recognized within Eurasia include Western, Central, and Eastern Europe; the Caucasus; Central Asia; Siberia; and South and Southeast Asia.