Schienung

Schienung is a dental term used in German to describe the process of tooth splinting, i.e., the stabilization of mobile teeth by connecting them with a splint or splinting device. The goal is to immobilize affected teeth and distribute functional loads to protect the periodontium during healing or ongoing treatment.

Splinting can be achieved with fixed or removable devices. Fixed splints commonly use a resin-based composite bonded to the enamel of adjacent teeth together with a thin orthodontic wire or fiber-reinforced material. Removable splints consist of acrylic or a vacuum-formed plate that encases the teeth.

Indications include traumatic dental injuries with loosening, advanced periodontal disease with mobility, post-traumatic or post-surgical stabilization, and during some orthodontic treatments to preserve correct tooth position temporarily. The choice of material and method depends on the location and severity of mobility, aesthetics, and patient hygiene.

Procedure typically involves assessment of tooth mobility and occlusal contacts, isolation of the treatment area, preparation of bonding surfaces, placement and adjustment of the splint, and postoperative check-ups. Care includes meticulous plaque control around the splint, regular professional reviews, and removal when the teeth regain adequate stability.

Prognosis is generally favorable for short-term stabilization; the intended duration is often a few weeks to several months, depending on the healing process and underlying condition. Potential complications include plaque accumulation under the splint, caries, gingival inflammation, aesthetic concerns, and the need for eventual removal or replacement of the appliance.

See also: tooth splinting, periodontal therapy, dental trauma management.