dental

Dental refers to the field of dentistry and to the dental structures themselves. Dentistry is the branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity, teeth, gums, and surrounding structures, as well as the maxillofacial region. Routine care includes exams, imaging, cleaning, and preventive measures to maintain oral health and function.

Professional roles include dentists, who provide comprehensive diagnosis and care, and dental hygienists who perform cleaning and preventive services. Dental assistants support clinical and administrative tasks. Specialists such as orthodontists, periodontists, endodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and prosthodontists may focus on specific areas of care. Education typically requires dental school and licensure, with additional residency or fellowship training for specialists.

Common procedures encompass preventive care like professional cleanings, fluoride applications, and sealants; restorative treatments such as fillings, crowns, bridges, and implants; endodontic therapy (root canals); extractions; orthodontic treatment; and the provision of dentures or other prosthetic devices. Emergency care for dental injuries is also provided.

Preventive measures and health links: consistent oral hygiene, fluoride toothpaste, limiting sugars, and regular dental visits reduce the risk of caries and gum disease. Periodontal disease has associations with systemic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Public health efforts address access to care, education, and programs like water fluoridation. Technological advances, including digital imaging, CAD/CAM restorations, and laser techniques, support diagnosis and treatment, while strict infection control guidelines ensure safety.