Keuhkoastma

Keuhkoastma, commonly known as asthma, is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. This inflammation leads to a range of symptoms, including wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. The exact cause of keuhkoastma is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Triggers for keuhkoastma symptoms can vary widely among individuals and may include allergens such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and mold. Respiratory infections like the common cold or flu can also exacerbate symptoms. Other common triggers include physical activity (exercise-induced asthma), cold air, smoke, and certain chemicals or irritants. Emotional stress can also play a role.

During an asthma episode, the muscles around the airways tighten, and the lining of the airways swells, producing extra mucus. This combination obstructs airflow, making it difficult to breathe. Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests, such as spirometry, which measure how much air can be exhaled and how quickly.

While keuhkoastma cannot be cured, it can be effectively managed with appropriate treatment. Management strategies often involve avoiding known triggers and using medications. Inhaled corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce airway inflammation, and bronchodilators are used to quickly open the airways during an attack. With proper management, individuals with keuhkoastma can lead active and fulfilling lives.