tighten

Tighten is a verb meaning to make something tighter or more secure by increasing tension or reducing looseness. It can describe physical actions, such as tightening a bolt, and also figuratively refer to increasing stringency or discipline, for example tightening security or regulations.

In mechanical contexts, tightening involves applying a controlled amount of torque to fasteners, using tools such as wrenches or torque drivers. The goal is to achieve the specified torque to ensure proper clamping force without overstressing parts. Common considerations include the tightening sequence, lubrication, thread engagement, and the consequences of overtightening (stripped threads, damaged bearings) or undertightening (loose joints, leaks).

Beyond fasteners, tighten can describe making policies or budgets more strict or constrained, for example tightening controls, tightening belts, or tightening a grip. The phrase may also refer to tightening mechanical assemblies by compressing gaskets or seals.

Etymology: The verb tighten is formed from the adjective tight with the suffix -en, conveying the sense of causing to become tight.