figuratively

Figuratively is an adverb used to indicate that a statement should be understood in a non-literal, figurative sense rather than by the exact meaning of the words. It signals the use of figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, or other imaginative language. The term contrasts with literally, which would require a statement to be interpreted according to the ordinary, dictionary sense of the words.

Etymology and relation to other terms: Figurative derives from figure of speech, with the -ly suffix forming an adverb. It is closely related to terms like metaphorically or allegorically, but figuratively specifically flags non-literal language rather than a fixed symbolic meaning.

Usage and examples: Figuratively is common in both speech and writing to clarify non-literal intention or to add emphasis. Examples include: “She figuratively drowned in paperwork,” meaning she felt overwhelmed but did not actually drown; “The city is figuratively on fire after the announcement,” indicating heightened excitement or intensity rather than actual flames. It may appear at the end of a sentence, as in “The plan is a mountain to climb, figuratively,” or be used before a statement, as in “Figuratively speaking, this is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.”

Notes: While widely understood, figuratively can be unnecessary in precise or formal writing, where terms like metaphorically or simply “in figurative terms” might be preferred. It remains a convenient shorthand for signaling that non-literal interpretation is intended.

See also: figurative language, figure of speech, metaphor, simile, hyperbole, idiom.