Karate

Karate is a martial art that originated in the Ryukyu Kingdom, particularly Okinawa, and shows influence from Chinese kung fu. The term karate means "empty hand" from Japanese kara (empty) and te (hand). Karate emphasizes striking techniques such as punches, kicks, knee and elbow strikes, as well as blocks. Training typically centers on kihon (basics), kata (forms), and kumite (sparring).

Modern karate developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Okinawa and Japan. It was popularized by masters including Gichin Funakoshi, who helped establish schools and the Shotokan style, and contributed to the spread of other styles such as Goju-ryu, Shito-ryu, and Wado-ryu. Today it is practiced worldwide under numerous organizations.

Techniques and training: Practitioners train in stances, timing, and breathing, with three core components: kihon, kata, and kumite. Kata are choreographed sequences that simulate combat; kumite ranges from controlled drills to free sparring, governed by the rules of the organizing body. Protective gear is used in many competitions.

Styles and governance: The World Karate Federation (WKF) is the largest international body for competitive karate and runs world championships and sport karate events. Major traditional styles include Shotokan, Goju-ryu, Shito-ryu, and Wado-ryu, each with its own curriculum. Karate uses colored belt ranks to indicate progress, with different systems by organization.

Its culture and ethics: Karate emphasizes discipline, respect, and self-improvement. Dojo etiquette and safety are central to training. In sport karate, athletes compete at national and international levels. Karate made its Olympic debut at the Tokyo 2020 Games and was not included in Paris 2024.