Hydropotes

Hydropotes is a small genus of deer in the family Cervidae, native to East Asia. It comprises two extant species: Hydropotes inermis, commonly known as the Chinese water deer, and Hydropotes argyropus, known as the Korean water deer. Some taxonomic treatments treat these as subspecies of a single species, Hydropotes inermis, inermis and argyropus, rather than as distinct species. A notable feature of Hydropotes is their small size and the absence of antlers in males; instead, males grow elongated canine tusks, a distinctive trait among many deer.

Distribution and habitat

Hydropotes species inhabit wetlands, reed beds, river valleys, and other marshy environments in China and Korea. They are adapted to riparian and aquatic-adjacent habitats and are proficient swimmers. In some parts of Europe, including the United Kingdom, introduced populations have established in recent decades. In their native range, populations have faced pressures from wetland drainage, habitat conversion, and hunting.

Physical characteristics and behavior

These deer are among the smallest true deer. They typically have reddish-brown fur with lighter undersides, and many individuals display a white throat patch. They are generally shy and elusive, often seen alone or in small family groups. They are capable swimmers and browse on grasses, reeds, aquatic plants, and other vegetation along waterways. Breeding can occur year-round in favorable conditions, with gestation lasting several months and litters usually consisting of 1 to 3 fawns.

Conservation

Hydropotes species are subject to habitat loss and hunting in parts of their range. Levels of threat vary by region, with some populations considered of conservation concern due to fragmentation and declining wetland habitats. Protective measures and habitat management are important for maintaining existing populations.