Asociacija

Asociacija is a term used in several languages to denote a formal association, a voluntary organization of individuals or legal entities united by common interests or objectives. It generally refers to a non-profit or not-for-profit body that operates for the benefit of its members or a specific cause, rather than for private profit. A defining feature is voluntary membership and governance by the members through elected bodies or general meetings.

Formation usually requires a charter or statute that sets out purposes, membership rules, rights and duties, governance structure, and procedures for amendments. In many jurisdictions, an association acquires legal personality upon registration with the competent authority, enabling it to own property, enter into contracts, sue or be sued, and receive donations.

Activities commonly include advocacy, professional development, cultural, educational or charitable programs, mutual aid, fundraising, and the provision of services to members or the public. Funding may come from membership fees, donations, grants, government subsidies, and income from activities aligned with its mission. Financial reporting and governance transparency are often required by law or good practice.

Associations vary by type: professional or trade associations, cultural or sports clubs, charitable organizations, neighborhood or community groups, and international or umbrella associations. They differ from foundations, which are typically endowed and grant-focused, and from NGOs, which may have broader external objectives. Across countries, regulatory regimes shape what associations can do, how they are governed, and how they are financed, reflecting the role of civil society in public life.