sued

Sued is the past tense of sue, meaning to bring a civil action against another person or entity in a court of law. In civil litigation, the party who initiates the case is the plaintiff, and the party being challenged is the defendant. The plaintiff alleges facts and legal grounds—such as breach of contract, negligence, or property disputes—and seeks a remedy, typically money damages or an injunction. Suing is separate from criminal action, which is brought by the state.

To begin, the plaintiff files a complaint and the court issues a summons, notifying the defendant of the case. The defendant must respond, usually by filing an answer, possibly raising defenses or counterclaims. The process may include discovery, where parties exchange evidence, and motions that seek to shape or dismiss parts of the case. Many civil disputes are resolved through settlement; if not, the case proceeds to trial, where a judge or jury determines liability and remedies.

Outcomes depend on the jurisdiction and the type of claim. If successful, a plaintiff may receive damages, a court order requiring action, or other relief. A defendant may be liable for costs or be subject to appeals. The availability and burden of proof, statutes of limitations, and other procedural rules vary by jurisdiction, but the core concept—one party seeking a legal remedy from another through a civil action that leads to a judgment or settlement—remains consistent.