tussar

Tussar, also known as tussar silk or tasar, is a natural wild silk fiber produced by silkworms of the genus Antheraea. In practice, the most important tussar silk moths are Antheraea mylitta and Antheraea paphia in India, with other Antheraea species contributing in China and parts of Southeast Asia. Tussar is valued for its natural golden-brown color, textured hand, and breathable feel.

Production of tussar silk involves wild silkworms that feed on leaves from trees in forested areas rather than cultivated mulberry. Cocoons are collected and the filament is reeled or spun into yarn; the fibers tend to be shorter and produce noil or staple lengths, giving a distinctive, porous fabric. Reeling is possible but generally yields less uniform silk than that produced by cultivated Bombyx mori cocoons.

Properties of tussar silk include light weight, good moisture absorption, and a comfortable, warm feel. The fiber is coarser and less uniform than cultivated silk, which contributes to a rich, textured drape and a natural luster that is subtler than Bombyx mori silk. It takes dyes well and accepts embroidery, making it popular for traditional garments and decorative fabrics.

Applications and trade use tussar for sarees, dupattas, scarves, and other fabrics. It is commonly blended with cotton, viscose, or other fibers to balance texture, cost, and ease of handling while preserving its distinctive appearance.

Sustainability and production practices vary; tussar silk is often produced by rural artisans as part of traditional sericulture. Because it relies on wild moths, growers sometimes emphasize biodiversity-friendly methods and community-based supply chains, though quality and supply can be variable.