tasar

Tas ar, or tussar silk, is a type of wild silk produced by several silkworm species in the genus Antheraea. It is distinct from cultivated silks such as mulberry silk (Bombyx mori) because the caterpillars feed on a variety of broad-leaved trees and spin coarse, naturally colored cocoons. The principal tussar producers are Antheraea mylitta and Antheraea paphia, among others, whose cocoons yield fibers used for handloom and ready-made fabrics.

Geography and production: The bulk of tussar silk is produced in India, with additional production reported in Bangladesh, Nepal, and parts of Southeast Asia. Tasar silk farming involves rural and tribal communities; harvesting cocoons, reeling, and weaving on traditional looms. The process results in fabrics with a natural golden-brown color and a matte luster.

Fiber properties and uses: Tussar fibers are coarser and less uniform than cultivated silk, but they are strong, breathable, and absorb dye well. The resulting fabrics are valued for texture and earthy tones; common uses include sarees, dupattas, stoles, scarves, and home textiles.

Industry and policy: In India, tasar silk is supported by the Central Silk Board and related government schemes aimed at expanding production, improving quality, and promoting value addition. Tussar silk remains a major livelihood for rural communities, particularly in tribal areas.