periodontologian

A periodontologist, commonly called a periodontist, is a dental specialist who concentrates on the periodontium—the tissues that surround and support the teeth, including the gingiva (gums), periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. The specialty covers the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis, as well as procedures related to dental implants and the surrounding tissues.

Training and practice typically follow a dental degree, after which a periodontics residency provides advanced training in non-surgical and surgical therapies, regenerative techniques, and implant dentistry. In many countries, professional bodies offer board certification or credentialing to recognize expertise in periodontics. Periodontists work closely with general dentists and other specialists to coordinate comprehensive care for patients.

Common procedures include non-surgical therapy such as scaling and root planing; surgical interventions like flap surgery and osseous recontouring; regenerative techniques such as bone grafts and guided tissue regeneration; soft tissue grafts to enhance gingival aesthetics and recession coverage; and the placement and maintenance of dental implants along with management of peri-implant tissues. Diagnosis relies on clinical measures including probing depths and attachment levels, radiographs, and assessment of risk factors such as smoking and systemic conditions. The modern classification of periodontitis uses a staging and grading system to reflect severity and progression.

Role and impact: Periodontists aim to preserve natural teeth and restore function and aesthetics, often emphasizing meticulous plaque control and ongoing maintenance to prevent relapse. Periodontal health is linked to systemic health in ongoing research, highlighting the importance of risk factor management in comprehensive patient care.