osteoartrózy

Osteoartróza, often referred to as osteoarthritis, is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions worldwide. It is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, the smooth tissue that cushions the ends of bones within a joint. As cartilage wears away, bones can rub directly against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. This condition is most common in weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips, as well as in the hands and spine.

The exact cause of osteoartróza is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development. These include aging, genetics, previous joint injuries, obesity, and repetitive stress on a joint. While it is more prevalent in older adults, it can affect people of all ages. Symptoms typically develop gradually and can vary in severity. Pain is a hallmark symptom, often worsening with activity and improving with rest. Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity, is also common. Swelling, a grating sensation when moving the joint, and a decrease in the range of motion can also occur.

Diagnosis of osteoartróza usually involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays to visualize joint damage. There is currently no cure for osteoartróza, but various treatments aim to manage symptoms and slow disease progression. These can include lifestyle modifications such as weight loss and exercise, pain relievers, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgical interventions like joint replacement. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for maintaining joint function and improving quality of life.