nonsoftware

Nonsoftware is a term used to describe all components of a computing system that are not executable software. This category includes hardware such as components and devices, data assets and configuration files that are not code, documentation and manuals, network and infrastructure elements, and organizational processes and human factors involved in operation and use. Although firmware is often treated as software, some classifications distinguish device code from non-software elements; expectations vary by context.

Examples of nonsoftware elements include physical devices (processors, memory modules, sensors, printers), data stored on disks and in backups, printed or digital manuals, data center racks and cabling, network switches, service contracts, and the workflows, policies, and training that govern how a system is used or maintained. External dependencies such as suppliers and cloud service interfaces can also fall into this domain when they are not code.

In project management and systems engineering, identifying nonsoftware components helps with procurement, maintenance, risk management, and budgeting separate from software development. Nonsoftware risks include hardware failure, data integrity challenges, supply chain disruption, and human error in processes. Security considerations apply to nonsoftware assets as well, including physical access controls, device hardening, data protection, and governance of documentation and procedures. Understanding nonsoftware alongside software supports comprehensive lifecycle planning and compliance across complex systems.