govern

Govern is a verb meaning to exercise authority over; to control, direct, or regulate the actions, behavior, or policies of a state, organization, or process. In political contexts it denotes the exercise of political control by a government or other ruling body, including enacting laws, enforcing them, and providing public services. In a broader sense it can mean to guide or influence the course of something by wielding power or authority.

Etymology: The word comes from Old French govern, from Latin gubernare, which in turn derives from Greek κυβερνάω (kybernáō), “to steer, pilot.” The metaphor of steering a vessel extended to the governance of persons, groups, and territories.

Usage notes: Governments govern states; organizations are governed by boards; rules, regulations, or natural or social processes are said to be governed by certain principles. Governance, not strictly a synonym of government, refers to the overall process, structures, and norms by which authority is exercised and accountability maintained. The term can carry connotations ranging from orderly administration to coercive control, depending on context and perspective.

See also governance, government, regulation, rule, policy.