lantionpohjaa

Lantionpohja, commonly referred to as the pelvic floor, denotes the group of muscles and connective tissue that form the base of the pelvis. It supports pelvic organs such as the bladder, uterus (in women) and rectum, and helps maintain continence. The muscular core includes the levator ani (pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, puborectalis) and the coccygeus, together with surrounding fascia.

Its primary functions are to support pelvic organs, maintain urinary and fecal continence, contribute to sexual function, and stabilize the trunk during movement and changes in intra-abdominal pressure.

Pelvic floor problems are common and may include pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, chronic pelvic pain, and dyspareunia. Risk factors include vaginal childbirth, aging, obesity, chronic coughing, constipation, hysterectomy or other pelvic surgery, and reduced physical activity.

Evaluation typically involves medical history and a physical examination focused on the pelvic floor. Testing may include stress tests, ultrasound or MRI, and urodynamic studies when indicated. A digital assessment of muscle tone and function is often performed by a clinician such as a physiotherapist or gynecologist.

Treatment starts with conservative measures: pelvic floor physical therapy, pelvic floor–focused exercises (Kegels), and, when needed, biofeedback. Bladder training and lifestyle changes such as weight management and treating constipation help. If symptoms persist or prolapse is advanced, pessaries or surgical options (for example, repair procedures or supportive grafts) may be considered, individualized to risk and goals.

Prevention centers on maintaining a healthy pelvic floor through regular exercise, proper lifting techniques, and treating chronic cough or constipation. With appropriate care, many people experience improved function and reduced symptoms.