brownnosing

Brownnosing is informal slang that describes a pattern of ingratiating behavior intended to obtain favorable treatment from someone in a position of authority, such as a supervisor, manager, or political figure. The term underscores performative and often disingenuous acts, including excessive praise, agreement with the target’s views, and offers of favored help, all aimed at gaining advantage rather than contributing honestly.

Origin and usage of the term are uncertain, but brownnosing has been part of American slang since the mid-20th century and is used in workplace, school, and political contexts to describe behavior perceived as obsequious or manipulative.

Common behaviors associated with brownnosing include flattery, public praise, aligning with the target’s preferences, offering unsolicited assistance, sharing positive information about the target, and avoiding criticism or dissent. It often involves selective honesty and impression management rather than genuine merit, and may be tactically deployed in response to perceived power differentials.

Impact can be mixed in the short term but is generally viewed negatively in the long term. If detected, brownnosing can erode trust, undermine team dynamics, and damage credibility for the individual involved. It can also backfire, provoking resentment among peers or leaders who value authentic contribution and fairness. Organizations that emphasize transparent performance evaluations and merit-based advancement seek to minimize its occurrence.

Related terms include sycophancy, bootlicking, apple-polishing, and kiss-ass. In academic discussions, brownnosing falls under the broader concept of impression management and political skill, though it is typically framed as unethical or counterproductive rather than as a legitimate networking strategy.