authentic

Authentic is an adjective meaning genuine, real, or true; it can describe objects that are not counterfeit, statements that accurately reflect facts, or persons and experiences that are faithful to their origins, identities, or values.

Origin and usage: The word derives from Latin authenticus, via Old French autentique, from Greek authentikos, from autos "self" and hentes "doer" (often interpreted as "self-authenticating" or "authoritative"). In English, the sense of genuine or credible emerged by the early modern period.

Objects and provenance: In art, antiques, and collectibles, authenticity rests on provenance—the documented history of ownership—and expert examination. Authentication processes may include stylistic assessment, material analysis, and documentary verification. Forgeries and misattributions are ongoing concerns, prompting certificates and tamper-evident marks.

Philosophy and psychology: In existential and humanistic thought, authenticity refers to living in accordance with one's real self, rather than merely conforming to external pressures. Heidegger contrasts authentic and inauthentic modes of being; Sartre emphasizes freedom and responsibility in choice. Contemporary psychology treats authenticity as alignment between inner experiences and outward behavior, often linked to well-being and integrity.

Cultural usage: In everyday language and marketing, "authentic" signals genuineness or traditionality, such as authentic cuisine or handcrafted goods. Critics note overuse and pseudo-authenticity, where the claim is used more as branding than substance.