Selenidera

Selenidera is a genus of neotropical birds in the toucan family Ramphastidae, commonly referred to as aracaris. They are small to medium-sized toucans with slender bodies and relatively long, curved bills. Many species show dark plumage highlighted by iridescent greens, copper, or blues on the head, throat, or chest, and some have distinctive facial or throat markings.

Distribution and habitat: Selenidera species are distributed across tropical forests of Central and South America, from southern Mexico through the Amazon basin to the Atlantic forest and Andean foothills. They inhabit the forest canopy and edges, often preferring humid woodland and secondary growth, where fruiting trees are available.

Behavior and diet: Like other aracaris, Selenidera birds are primarily frugivores, supplemented by insects, eggs, and nestlings of other birds. They typically forage in pairs or small groups, moving through the canopy to exploit fruit resources. They are cavity nesters; both members of a pair incubate eggs and feed the young, and they communicate with a range of vocalizations and calls.

Taxonomy and species: The genus Selenidera is placed in the subfamily Ramphastinae of the Ramphastidae. It comprises several species, which have undergone taxonomic revision in recent years, with some authorities recognizing split species and others maintaining broader species limits. The plumage and vocalizations of the species are diverse, reflecting adaptation to different habitats across the range.

Conservation: Conservation status varies by species. Habitat loss and fragmentation, especially in tropical forests, threatens many, while others persist in protected areas or less disturbed forests.