Risikoniveaus

Risikoniveaus, or risk levels, are a framework for categorizing the magnitude of risk into defined categories or scores. They reflect the estimated likelihood of a hazard occurring and the potential severity of its consequences, and are used to communicate risk and prioritize actions.

Risikonivåer can be qualitative, such as low, moderate, and high, or quantitative, using numerical scales (for example 1–5 or 1–10). Common tools include risk matrices that map likelihood against impact, producing a grid where combinations translate into risk levels. The terms used vary by sector but generally follow a similar logic: higher risk levels require stronger controls.

Determining a risk level typically involves scoring or rating both probability and impact, sometimes with exposure, frequency, or duration as modifiers. Residual risk refers to the level after preventive measures are applied. Risk levels guide decision-making about controls, requirements for monitoring, reporting, and risk acceptance according to an organization's risk appetite and tolerance.

In practice, risikoniveaus are used in safety management, project management, finance, and environmental assessments to prioritize actions and allocate resources. They are dynamic and should be reviewed as conditions or controls change and new information becomes available. Limitations include subjectivity in scoring, variability between methods, and potential neglect of low-probability, high-impact events.

Related concepts include risk assessment, risk matrix, risk appetite, residual risk, hazard, and mitigation.