Pharomachrus

Pharomachrus is a genus of birds in the family Trogonidae, commonly known as quetzals. These neotropical birds are celebrated for their striking plumage, particularly the males' iridescent green and red feathers and their exceptionally long tail coverts, which can be several times the length of the bird's body. There are five species within the genus Pharomachrus, inhabiting the cloud forests and rainforests of Central and South America.

The most famous species is the resplendent quetzal, Pharomachrus mocinno, which holds cultural significance for several indigenous Mesoamerican civilizations, including the Maya and Aztec, who revered it as a divine being. Its feathers were highly prized and were often used in ceremonial headdresses. The resplendent quetzal is also the national bird of Guatemala.

These birds are primarily frugivorous, feeding on a diet of fruits, especially those of the avocado family, though they also supplement their diet with insects and small vertebrates. They typically nest in cavities excavated in dead trees or in natural tree hollows. Quetzals are generally solitary birds, coming together mainly for breeding. Their elusive nature and preference for dense forest habitats make them challenging to observe. Conservation efforts are in place for some species due to habitat loss and fragmentation.