Guatemala

Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, Belize and the Caribbean to the east, Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Its capital and largest city is Guatemala City. The population is characterized by a strong indigenous presence, with numerous Mayan language communities; Spanish is the predominant official language, with K'iche', Q'eqchi', Mam, and other Mayan languages widely spoken. The Guatemalan currency is the quetzal.

Guatemala is a constitutional republic. The president serves as head of state and government, with a multi-party system and a congress of deputies. The country has experienced periods of political instability and a long civil conflict ending with the 1996 peace accords.

Geographically, Guatemala is marked by highlands, volcanoes, and coastal plains. The Maya highlands host many archaeological sites, including Tikal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lake Atitlán and extensive cloud forests and protected areas contribute to its biodiversity. The climate ranges from tropical lowlands to highland temperate zones.

Economically, Guatemala has a predominantly agrarian and mixed economy. Traditional exports include coffee, sugar, bananas, and textiles. Remittances and services have become important, and tourism, particularly for its natural and cultural attractions, is significant.

Culturally, Guatemala has a rich multicultural heritage blending Indigenous and Mestizo influences. The country celebrates numerous traditional festivals, crafts, music, and cuisine. However, it faces ongoing development challenges such as poverty, inequality, and violence, and it continues to address social inclusion, education, and governance.