Ortoped

Ortoped, or orthopedist, is a physician who specializes in orthopedics, the medical field devoted to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The specialty covers bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles and nerves, from congenital and developmental disorders to injuries and degenerative conditions.

Ortopeds use physical examination, imaging and laboratory tests, and they employ both non-surgical and surgical treatments. Non-surgical options include physical therapy, medications, orthotics or braces, injections, and lifestyle modification; surgical options include arthroscopy, fracture fixation, joint replacement, and spine or soft-tissue reconstruction. They may work in hospitals, clinics, or specialized centers and often collaborate with physiotherapists, radiologists and other specialists to coordinate care.

Training and subspecialties: An ortoped typically completes medical school, followed by a residency in orthopedics and, in many systems, board certification. Many pursue fellowships in areas such as pediatric orthopedics, trauma, spine, sports medicine, hand surgery, foot and ankle, or oncology. Subspecialists may focus on particular patient groups or body regions, such as children or the spine.

Common areas of focus include trauma and fracture management, degenerative joint diseases, spinal disorders, congenital deformities, and sports-related injuries. Treatments aim to restore function, relieve pain and improve mobility, often through a combination of operative and non-operative care.

Etymology and scope: The word orthopedics comes from the Greek orthos (straight) and pais (child), reflecting its early emphasis on correcting deformities in children. In many countries the term ortoped corresponds to orthopedic surgeons who manage a broad range of musculoskeletal problems.