Neovison

Neovison is a small genus of carnivorous mammals in the mustelid family. It comprises two living species: Neovison vison, the American mink, and Neovison lutreola, the European mink. The genus was established to reflect distinct evolutionary lineages, though some classifications place the European mink in Mustela. Molecular and morphological studies generally recognize Neovison as a valid genus for these lineages.

Members of Neovison are medium-sized, semi-aquatic predators with dense, glossy fur adapted to aquatic life. Coloration is typically dark brown to near black, with variation among individuals and a lighter throat patch in some.

Across their ranges, Neovison species are versatile hunters, feeding on fish, amphibians, small mammals, birds, and invertebrates. They are strong swimmers and often inhabit freshwater systems, wetlands, and riparian zones. The American mink is native to North America, where it occurs widely and has been farmed for fur; the European mink inhabits parts of Europe and western Asia but has suffered substantial range contractions.

Reproduction occurs in the spring. Females give birth after a period of delayed implantation, producing litters that commonly number four to eight kits. Kits develop rapidly and are raised in dens by the mother, gaining independence after several weeks.

Conservation status differs markedly between the two species. The European mink is critically endangered or endangered in many areas due to habitat loss, pollution, and competition or genetic introgression from the introduced American mink. The American mink remains widespread but faces regional declines from habitat modification and human activities, and ongoing management often targets concurrent fur trade pressure and the control of invasive populations to protect native ecosystems.