Mellivora

Mellivora is a genus of mustelid mammals in the family Mustelidae. It contains a single living species, Mellivora capensis, commonly known as the honey badger or ratel. The species is notable for its thick, loose skin and powerful forelimbs, which aid in digging and defense. Honey badgers have a stocky body, a broad head, and coarse fur that is typically black with a white or pale back stripe in many populations.

Mellivora capensis has a wide distribution across Africa and parts of the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It inhabits a variety of environments, including savannas, grasslands, forests, deserts, and agricultural areas. The animal is highly adaptable and often tolerates human-altered landscapes. In the wild it tends to be largely solitary and territorial, with individuals meeting mainly for mating.

Diet is omnivorous and opportunistic. Honey badgers are known for raiding beehives to obtain honey and larvae, but they also eat insects (notably termites), small vertebrates, eggs, and some plant matter. Their thick skin provides protection against bites and stings, and they are capable of climbing, digging, swimming, and defending themselves against much larger predators. They are described as fearless and tenacious, able to confront venomous snakes and other dangerous prey.

Reproduction occurs with infrequent, seasonal breeding in many areas. Females give birth to a litter of typically 2–3 cubs after a gestation that includes delayed implantation, with cubs remaining with the mother for several months. The species is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, reflecting its broad range and general resilience, though local populations may be affected by habitat loss and persecution.