Kohinast

Kohinast, also known as *Sorbus aucuparia* or European mountain ash, is a deciduous tree native to temperate regions of Europe and Asia. It belongs to the Rosaceae family and is closely related to apples and pears. The tree is widely recognized for its distinctive bright red berries, which ripen in autumn and persist into winter, providing a vital food source for birds and wildlife.

Kohinast typically grows to a height of 8–12 meters, though it can reach up to 20 meters in optimal conditions. Its leaves are pinnate, composed of 5–9 serrated leaflets, and turn a vibrant yellow in autumn before falling. The tree produces small white flowers in dense clusters during late spring, which give way to the characteristic red berries. These berries are rich in vitamin C and have been historically used in traditional medicine, though they are generally considered toxic to humans in large quantities due to their high tannin and cyanogenic glycoside content.

Kohinast is often cultivated for its ornamental value, particularly in gardens and parks, where its striking foliage and berries add seasonal interest. It is also planted as a windbreak or for erosion control due to its deep root system. The wood of the tree is hard and durable, historically used for tool handles and small furniture, though it is not commonly utilized today.

In folklore, kohinast has been associated with protection and healing, and its branches were sometimes hung over doorways to ward off evil spirits. The tree thrives in a variety of soil types but prefers well-drained conditions and partial shade. It is hardy in cold climates and can tolerate urban pollution, making it a resilient and adaptable species.