Assotsiatsioone

Assotsiatsioone, the Estonian term for associations, are voluntary, member-based organizations formed to pursue shared interests. They are typically non-profit and differ from commercial companies and from foundations, as the emphasis is on member participation rather than capital ownership.

Key features include voluntary membership, defined purposes, and a governing document such as statutes or a charter. They usually operate under a democratic structure with a general meeting of members and an elected board or committee. Decisions are typically made by majority vote; officers like chair, secretary, and treasurer may be appointed. Legal personality, property rights, and the ability to enter contracts often arise through registration with the appropriate public authority; registration also can confer tax advantages and public recognition in many jurisdictions. Liability is generally limited to the association's assets, with members typically not personally liable for its debts, unless otherwise specified.

Financing comes from member dues, donations, grants, sponsorships, and project funding; some associations may engage in permitted commercial activities to support their objectives, with profits reinvested in the aims.

Common types include cultural associations, sports clubs, professional or learned societies, charitable organizations, and neighborhood or community associations. Functions commonly encompass representation of members' interests, provision of services (education, training, cultural events), advocacy, networking, and mutual aid.

In a broader sense, assotsiatsioone are part of civil society and are found in many legal traditions under various names. They share the general characteristics of voluntary participation, non-profit aims, and governance by members rather than owners.