democratic

Democratic is an adjective relating to democracy, a system of government in which the people exercise sovereignty. The term comes from the Greek demos ("people") and kratos ("rule"). Democracy can be direct, where citizens vote on policies themselves, or representative, where they elect officials to govern.

Core features typically include free and fair elections, broad suffrage, political equality, protection of civil liberties, the rule of law, accountability of leaders, and the existence of pluralism and peaceful transfer of power.

Modern democracies organize power through constitutions, separation of powers, and independent institutions such as courts, electoral bodies, and a free press. Elections are expected to be regular, competitive, and inclusive, with mechanisms to prevent abuse and to ensure transparency and legitimacy.

Democratic governance balances majority rule with minority rights, emphasizing consent, accountability, and the rule of law. Forms of democracy vary, including presidential and parliamentary systems, and may be unitary or federal in structure. Political practices and institutions adapt to different cultural and historical contexts while aiming to protect civil liberties and political participation.

The term is also used as a political label in many countries for parties or movements advocating representative government and civil rights. In the United States, the Democratic Party is a major political party; in other nations, parties named Democratic may hold different ideologies and histories. The concept has ancient roots and modern expansion, yet contemporary democracies continue to face challenges such as polarization, misinformation, and unequal influence over political processes.