vezérlelektronika

Vezérlelektronika is a subfield of electrical engineering that deals with the electronic systems used to control machines and processes. In Hungarian usage the term encompasses the design, implementation, and integration of electronics that measure signals, process data, and drive actuators.

The typical stack includes sensors (for position, speed, torque, temperature), actuators and their power electronics, and controllers (microcontrollers, microprocessors, digital signal processors, FPGAs) that run software or firmware. Communications interfaces and safety features are common.

Central to vezérlelektronika are feedback control concepts. Closed-loop systems use sensors to compare actual output with a desired reference and generate corrective actions. Common algorithms include PID, state-space, and model predictive control. Real-time performance, reliability, and electromagnetic compatibility are important constraints.

Applications span robotics, CNC and automation systems, automotive control units, industrial drives, household appliances, aerospace, and energy systems. The field often intersects with mechatronics, power electronics, and embedded software.

Development involves hardware design, embedded software engineering, testing, and validation. It emphasizes safety, fault tolerance, energy efficiency, and compliance with standards. Prototyping and hardware-in-the-loop testing are typical steps.

Education and research: courses in control theory, digital electronics, sensors, and drive electronics are common in electrical engineering programs. Research areas include advanced motor control, sensor fusion, slip and fault detection, and secure control architectures.