veenipuudulikkust

Veenipuudulikkus refers to a condition where the veins have difficulty returning blood to the heart. This often affects the legs, leading to a buildup of blood in the veins. It can manifest in various ways, from mild symptoms like swollen ankles and a feeling of heaviness in the legs to more severe issues such as varicose veins, skin changes, and venous ulcers.

The causes of veenipuudulikkus are multifactorial, with age, genetics, prolonged standing or sitting, obesity, and pregnancy being significant contributing factors. The valves within the veins, which are responsible for ensuring unidirectional blood flow, can weaken or become damaged over time, leading to leakage and backflow of blood.

Symptoms can include aching or pain in the legs, especially after prolonged activity, and relief when the legs are elevated. Swelling, particularly around the ankles and calves, is common. Over time, the skin on the lower legs may darken or become discolored, and the skin can become dry, itchy, or develop eczema-like changes. In more advanced cases, open sores or ulcers, known as venous ulcers, can form on the skin, which are often slow to heal.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and a medical history. An ultrasound of the veins, known as a duplex scan, is often used to assess blood flow and identify any blockages or valve dysfunction. Treatment aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve venous return. This can include lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, weight management, and avoiding prolonged periods of standing or sitting. Compression stockings are frequently recommended to support the veins and improve blood circulation. In some cases, medication or procedures like sclerotherapy or surgery may be considered to address underlying venous issues.