varikózus

Varikózus is the Hungarian term for varicose veins, a common venous disorder in which superficial leg veins become enlarged, dilated and twisted due to venous insufficiency. Vein valves prevent backflow of blood; when they fail or the vein walls weaken, blood pools and veins enlarge. Increased venous pressure, heredity, inflammation, and other factors contribute to the development of varikózus veins.

Common risk factors include age, female sex, pregnancy, obesity, genetics, and prolonged standing or sitting, as well as a history of leg injuries. Symptoms range from visible bulging veins to aching, heaviness, throbbing, swelling, itching, and cramps. In some cases skin changes or venous ulcers can develop if the condition is left untreated.

Diagnosis relies on clinical examination and imaging, with duplex Doppler ultrasound commonly used to assess vein structure and reflux. This helps determine the presence of venous insufficiency and guides treatment.

Treatment aims to relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. Conservative measures include compression stockings, leg elevation, regular exercise, and weight management. Medically, these approaches are supportive rather than curative. Definitive treatments include minimally invasive procedures such as sclerotherapy, endovenous laser ablation, and radiofrequency ablation, as well as ambulatory phlebectomy. Traditional vein stripping is less common today.

Prevention focuses on maintaining physical activity, avoiding prolonged immobility, and controlling body weight. For some individuals, compression stockings can help manage symptoms or prevent progression.

Varikózus veins are usually not life-threatening, but they can cause discomfort and cosmetic concerns and may recur after treatment. Complications, though uncommon, include venous ulcers, dermatitis, and bleeding from fragile skin in advanced cases.