selvskade

Selvskade refers to deliberate, non-fatal harm inflicted on one’s own body as a coping mechanism for emotional distress. Common methods include cutting, burning, scratching, hitting, and other forms of self-injury. In clinical usage, the term often covers non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH), where the primary intent is not to die. Intent can vary, and assessment by a health professional is needed to determine risk and safety.

Prevalence and risk factors: Selvskade is most common among adolescents and young adults but occurs across ages. Risk factors include mood and anxiety disorders, trauma or abuse, difficulties with emotion regulation, substance use, chronic pain or illness, poor social support, and a family history of self-harm or suicidality.

Warning signs and assessment: Warning signs include statements of hopelessness, withdrawal, abrupt changes in behavior, new self-harm marks or behaviors, giving away possessions, or requests for secrecy. Clinicians assess intent, plan, lethality, and co-occurring conditions, and determine necessity for urgent care, safety planning, or hospitalization if there is imminent danger.

Treatment and management: Effective care combines psychotherapy (notably dialectical behavior therapy [DBT] and cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT]), skills training in emotion regulation, problem-solving, and distress tolerance, and treatment of underlying mental health disorders. Medical treatment is required for injuries, and safety plans with restricted access to means are commonly used. Involvement of family or caregivers may be recommended for younger individuals.

Prevention and resources: Reducing stigma and increasing access to mental health care are essential. Supportive conversations, healthy coping strategies, and building social connections help reduce distress. If there is immediate danger, contact local emergency services or a crisis helpline in your country.